Table 2

Age-standardised estimated sodium intakes (g/day) in 1990 and 2010, persons aged 20 and over, by country (95% uncertainty intervals)

 TotalMalesFemales
 199020101990201019902010
Afghanistan3.29 (2.71–3.95)3.39 (2.79–4.06)3.44 (2.61–4.46)3.55 (2.63–4.69)3.12 (2.36–4.06)3.22 (2.42–4.17)
Albania3.47 (2.89–4.16)3.67 (3.05–4.34)3.64 (2.83–4.62)3.86 (2.98–5.00)3.31 (2.56–4.29)3.48 (2.67–4.37)
Algeria3.91 (3.32–4.59)4.28 (3.59–5.00)4.09 (3.19–5.17)4.51 (3.50–5.72)3.73 (2.97–4.74)4.07 (3.20–5.08)
Andorra3.56 (3.04–4.16)3.81 (3.21–4.44)3.85 (3.05–4.83)4.01 (3.19–5.07)3.29 (2.59–4.05)3.61 (2.84–4.53)
Angola2.46 (2.07–2.90)2.49 (2.06–2.97)2.58 (2.03–3.28)2.61 (2.02–3.35)2.35 (1.82–2.94)2.38 (1.86–3.07)
Antigua and Barbuda2.71 (2.28–3.23)2.67 (2.23–3.18)2.85 (2.19–3.64)2.81 (2.18–3.55)2.58 (2.01–3.26)2.54 (1.98–3.24)
Argentina3.01 (2.93–3.10)3.00 (2.92–3.08)3.16 (3.03–3.29)3.15 (3.03–3.26)2.87 (2.76–2.99)2.87 (2.76–2.98)
Armenia4.84 (4.04–5.67)4.92 (4.13–5.77)5.07 (4.03–6.31)5.19 (4.06–6.57)4.65 (3.64–5.86)4.71 (3.69–5.89)
Australia3.38 (3.26–3.50)3.42 (3.29–3.55)3.55 (3.37–3.75)3.59 (3.39–3.77)3.22 (3.05–3.40)3.26 (3.09–3.42)
Austria3.89 (3.57–4.22)3.95 (3.63–4.31)4.20 (3.73–4.73)4.16 (3.70–4.64)3.60 (3.22–4.06)3.76 (3.29–4.28)
Azerbaijan4.55 (3.83–5.34)5.06 (4.31–5.98)4.79 (3.74–6.08)5.31 (4.18–6.71)4.35 (3.44–5.56)4.85 (3.83–6.13)
Bahamas3.03 (2.53–3.60)2.99 (2.48–3.54)3.18 (2.41–4.10)3.13 (2.41–3.97)2.89 (2.24–3.65)2.86 (2.22–3.67)
Bahrain4.40 (4.03–4.82)5.38 (4.85–5.91)4.56 (4.05–5.11)5.57 (4.88–6.31)4.15 (3.68–4.69)5.05 (4.42–5.72)
Bangladesh3.68 (3.09–4.41)3.54 (2.98–4.21)3.84 (3.02–4.93)3.71 (2.89–4.67)3.51 (2.76–4.41)3.38 (2.63–4.32)
Barbados3.40 (3.12–3.69)3.42 (3.11–3.76)3.56 (3.17–3.99)3.59 (3.12–4.09)3.25 (2.87–3.65)3.25 (2.85–3.69)
Belarus4.00 (3.39–4.72)4.35 (3.69–5.16)4.19 (3.28–5.22)4.55 (3.55–5.69)3.83 (2.98–4.72)4.17 (3.27–5.24)
Belgium3.48 (3.30–3.67)3.45 (3.23–3.68)3.76 (3.48–4.05)3.64 (3.32–3.96)3.21 (2.98–3.46)3.27 (2.98–3.60)
Belize2.67 (2.38–3.02)2.62 (2.34–2.93)2.80 (2.38–3.29)2.75 (2.31–3.21)2.55 (2.17–3.01)2.50 (2.10–2.93)
Benin2.86 (2.53–3.28)2.85 (2.49–3.22)3.01 (2.50–3.57)2.97 (2.47–3.52)2.73 (2.27–3.26)2.73 (2.28–3.25)
Bhutan3.72 (3.13–4.33)3.64 (3.07–4.24)3.88 (3.05–4.86)3.80 (2.97–4.78)3.55 (2.82–4.46)3.45 (2.74–4.26)
Bolivia, Plurinational State of3.51 (2.97–4.11)3.59 (3.02–4.20)3.67 (2.90–4.54)3.77 (3.01–4.69)3.35 (2.63–4.16)3.41 (2.71–4.30)
Bosnia and Herzegovina3.26 (2.71–3.93)3.46 (2.88–4.15)3.43 (2.62–4.41)3.62 (2.78–4.59)3.10 (2.38–4.07)3.32 (2.58–4.25)
Botswana2.49 (2.07–2.95)2.53 (2.15–2.97)2.63 (2.05–3.33)2.66 (2.06–3.30)2.37 (1.85–2.97)2.40 (1.90–3.00)
Brazil3.89 (3.78–3.99)4.11 (4.01–4.22)4.08 (3.93–4.23)4.31 (4.17–4.46)3.70 (3.57–3.83)3.92 (3.79–4.07)
Brunei Darussalam4.40 (3.70–5.13)4.42 (3.71–5.16)4.59 (3.62–5.73)4.62 (3.59–5.83)4.18 (3.27–5.24)4.21 (3.27–5.30)
Bulgaria3.63 (3.40–3.85)3.62 (3.39–3.87)3.82 (3.48–4.17)3.80 (3.45–4.18)3.45 (3.14–3.78)3.45 (3.13–3.79)
Burkina Faso2.91 (2.46–3.46)2.88 (2.40–3.41)3.07 (2.41–3.91)3.04 (2.38–3.80)2.77 (2.15–3.53)2.74 (2.11–3.47)
Burundi1.62 (1.31–1.99)1.73 (1.42–2.09)1.70 (1.25–2.26)1.82 (1.38–2.36)1.56 (1.14–2.07)1.65 (1.23–2.15)
Cambodia4.54 (3.81–5.38)4.41 (3.73–5.18)4.76 (3.69–6.07)4.65 (3.68–5.87)4.37 (3.41–5.52)4.20 (3.26–5.24)
Cameroon2.07 (1.82–2.35)2.09 (1.84–2.36)2.18 (1.81–2.59)2.19 (1.81–2.58)1.97 (1.64–2.32)1.99 (1.68–2.38)
Canada3.55 (3.45–3.66)3.71 (3.58–3.83)3.74 (3.58–3.90)3.88 (3.69–4.08)3.37 (3.22–3.52)3.53 (3.36–3.70)
Cape Verde2.99 (2.55–3.51)3.25 (2.74–3.89)3.16 (2.47–3.92)3.42 (2.63–4.33)2.87 (2.21–3.63)3.10 (2.39–3.86)
Central African Republic2.75 (2.32–3.25)2.80 (2.33–3.29)2.89 (2.24–3.62)2.94 (2.30–3.71)2.62 (2.06–3.27)2.66 (2.05–3.37)
Chad2.87 (2.42–3.38)2.87 (2.43–3.37)3.00 (2.33–3.78)3.02 (2.37–3.76)2.74 (2.12–3.38)2.72 (2.15–3.39)
Chile2.79 (2.38–3.29)2.80 (2.35–3.31)2.92 (2.30–3.74)2.92 (2.29–3.70)2.67 (2.11–3.37)2.69 (2.13–3.36)
China4.42 (4.24–4.63)4.83 (4.62–5.05)4.63 (4.35–4.93)5.05 (4.71–5.39)4.20 (3.94–4.49)4.60 (4.31–4.88)
Colombia4.12 (3.77–4.45)4.09 (3.77–4.43)4.31 (3.82–4.83)4.29 (3.83–4.81)3.93 (3.50–4.43)3.91 (3.48–4.36)
Comoros1.69 (1.42–2.02)1.67 (1.41–1.98)1.78 (1.39–2.26)1.74 (1.35–2.22)1.61 (1.22–2.04)1.59 (1.24–2.03)
Congo2.30 (1.95–2.70)2.25 (1.88–2.67)2.42 (1.89–3.05)2.35 (1.83–2.97)2.18 (1.69–2.73)2.15 (1.63–2.78)
Congo, the Democratic Republic of the2.27 (1.90–2.66)2.42 (2.05–2.84)2.39 (1.84–2.95)2.54 (1.97–3.24)2.16 (1.68–2.74)2.31 (1.82–2.90)
Costa Rica2.98 (2.51–3.50)3.18 (2.71–3.73)3.13 (2.49–3.91)3.32 (2.56–4.18)2.83 (2.20–3.56)3.03 (2.40–3.76)
Côte dIvoire2.78 (2.48–3.13)2.80 (2.50–3.13)2.90 (2.45–3.42)2.94 (2.48–3.45)2.64 (2.22–3.11)2.65 (2.25–3.11)
Croatia3.25 (2.73–3.81)3.71 (3.15–4.34)3.42 (2.70–4.28)3.88 (3.04–4.80)3.10 (2.44–3.92)3.54 (2.80–4.45)
Cuba2.80 (2.36–3.29)2.64 (2.23–3.12)2.94 (2.32–3.67)2.75 (2.16–3.46)2.66 (2.07–3.27)2.52 (1.99–3.21)
Cyprus3.76 (3.17–4.45)4.06 (3.41–4.76)4.05 (3.18–5.12)4.29 (3.26–5.36)3.49 (2.71–4.39)3.83 (3.03–4.81)
Czech Republic3.74 (3.16–4.44)3.98 (3.37–4.74)3.97 (3.14–5.02)4.17 (3.31–5.31)3.53 (2.75–4.36)3.80 (3.00–4.75)
Denmark3.53 (3.23–3.82)3.27 (2.98–3.58)3.80 (3.36–4.29)3.43 (3.00–3.88)3.26 (2.87–3.67)3.11 (2.72–3.55)
Djibouti2.29 (1.90–2.72)2.36 (1.94–2.81)2.39 (1.85–3.07)2.48 (1.91–3.14)2.19 (1.67–2.81)2.24 (1.74–2.84)
Dominica2.62 (2.21–3.10)2.69 (2.30–3.20)2.74 (2.14–3.44)2.82 (2.13–3.60)2.51 (1.96–3.22)2.57 (1.96–3.29)
Dominican Republic2.45 (2.08–2.85)2.60 (2.21–3.03)2.57 (2.01–3.26)2.70 (2.14–3.38)2.32 (1.83–2.86)2.50 (1.99–3.12)
Ecuador2.88 (2.41–3.38)3.03 (2.55–3.57)3.00 (2.37–3.76)3.17 (2.47–4.01)2.76 (2.16–3.45)2.88 (2.29–3.66)
Egypt3.63 (3.10–4.22)3.68 (3.13–4.32)3.81 (3.01–4.75)3.85 (3.00–4.82)3.45 (2.75–4.33)3.52 (2.77–4.36)
El Salvador3.19 (2.64–3.79)3.19 (2.71–3.71)3.35 (2.60–4.28)3.36 (2.63–4.22)3.04 (2.37–3.85)3.05 (2.39–3.81)
Equatorial Guinea2.50 (2.12–3.00)2.30 (1.90–2.78)2.61 (2.07–3.24)2.40 (1.80–3.08)2.37 (1.89–3.04)2.20 (1.67–2.90)
Eritrea2.32 (1.93–2.73)2.37 (2.00–2.82)2.43 (1.88–3.11)2.50 (1.96–3.18)2.22 (1.71–2.78)2.25 (1.76–2.83)
Estonia3.49 (3.30–3.69)3.95 (3.69–4.23)3.67 (3.40–3.96)4.15 (3.76–4.56)3.33 (3.07–3.60)3.77 (3.43–4.16)
Ethiopia2.30 (1.92–2.70)2.27 (1.95–2.67)2.42 (1.87–3.07)2.38 (1.87–2.97)2.19 (1.72–2.74)2.17 (1.72–2.71)
Fiji2.86 (2.41–3.35)2.87 (2.41–3.41)2.99 (2.34–3.76)3.01 (2.36–3.84)2.73 (2.16–3.42)2.74 (2.13–3.43)
Finland3.73 (3.52–3.95)3.85 (3.63–4.07)4.02 (3.70–4.39)4.05 (3.72–4.40)3.44 (3.16–3.74)3.65 (3.35–3.94)
France3.70 (3.52–3.91)3.77 (3.58–3.97)4.00 (3.72–4.30)3.96 (3.66–4.28)3.41 (3.17–3.65)3.58 (3.31–3.86)
Gabon1.93 (1.58–2.36)2.01 (1.63–2.45)2.02 (1.53–2.62)2.09 (1.55–2.76)1.83 (1.39–2.35)1.92 (1.42–2.54)
Gambia3.04 (2.58–3.61)3.07 (2.59–3.58)3.18 (2.51–4.05)3.22 (2.56–4.06)2.88 (2.24–3.63)2.93 (2.27–3.73)
Georgia4.73 (3.95–5.60)5.30 (4.49–6.26)4.95 (3.94–6.29)5.57 (4.44–7.03)4.53 (3.55–5.72)5.07 (3.96–6.29)
Germany3.45 (3.24–3.68)3.54 (3.36–3.73)3.73 (3.42–4.07)3.72 (3.43–4.02)3.18 (2.91–3.47)3.36 (3.13–3.61)
Ghana2.44 (2.19–2.73)2.35 (2.09–2.61)2.56 (2.19–2.98)2.45 (2.09–2.88)2.32 (2.02–2.71)2.24 (1.89–2.62)
Greece3.55 (2.92–4.25)3.77 (3.16–4.52)3.82 (2.92–4.91)3.97 (3.11–5.03)3.29 (2.53–4.27)3.58 (2.76–4.53)
Grenada2.44 (2.07–2.85)2.61 (2.20–3.09)2.55 (2.02–3.21)2.73 (2.14–3.48)2.33 (1.83–2.91)2.48 (1.92–3.18)
Guatemala2.86 (2.52–3.22)2.94 (2.60–3.28)2.99 (2.50–3.53)3.08 (2.59–3.63)2.73 (2.31–3.19)2.81 (2.38–3.29)
Guinea2.71 (2.29–3.22)2.77 (2.33–3.26)2.84 (2.23–3.58)2.92 (2.30–3.64)2.59 (2.04–3.27)2.62 (2.06–3.25)
Guinea-Bissau2.94 (2.48–3.48)3.03 (2.55–3.61)3.09 (2.44–3.87)3.17 (2.49–4.09)2.80 (2.23–3.50)2.90 (2.25–3.66)
Guyana2.36 (1.98–2.78)2.45 (2.05–2.93)2.47 (1.91–3.14)2.56 (2.02–3.30)2.26 (1.78–2.88)2.34 (1.82–2.98)
Haiti2.43 (2.02–2.86)2.66 (2.23–3.15)2.56 (2.00–3.14)2.78 (2.17–3.50)2.31 (1.79–2.94)2.54 (1.98–3.26)
Honduras2.88 (2.42–3.41)2.95 (2.49–3.48)3.02 (2.40–3.75)3.07 (2.38–3.88)2.75 (2.11–3.49)2.84 (2.24–3.55)
Hungary4.28 (3.90–4.67)4.23 (3.87–4.57)4.50 (3.94–5.13)4.43 (3.91–4.95)4.07 (3.57–4.62)4.04 (3.60–4.50)
Iceland3.53 (3.15–3.90)3.58 (3.24–3.97)3.79 (3.23–4.33)3.77 (3.22–4.34)3.25 (2.78–3.78)3.38 (2.92–3.90)
India3.78 (3.69–3.87)3.72 (3.63–3.82)3.95 (3.82–4.07)3.88 (3.73–4.02)3.61 (3.49–3.73)3.56 (3.44–3.68)
Indonesia3.43 (3.07–3.82)3.36 (3.02–3.76)3.59 (3.09–4.18)3.53 (3.02–4.09)3.28 (2.82–3.81)3.21 (2.77–3.75)
Iran, Islamic Republic of3.85 (3.46–4.27)4.02 (3.64–4.44)4.03 (3.46–4.64)4.21 (3.65–4.85)3.67 (3.17–4.20)3.83 (3.33–4.37)
Iraq3.46 (2.94–4.09)3.76 (3.19–4.46)3.64 (2.86–4.61)3.95 (3.12–5.00)3.30 (2.63–4.18)3.59 (2.85–4.51)
Ireland3.61 (3.24–4.06)3.74 (3.35–4.18)3.91 (3.35–4.57)3.93 (3.38–4.58)3.32 (2.84–3.85)3.55 (3.01–4.14)
Israel3.68 (3.20–4.17)3.79 (3.27–4.37)3.97 (3.21–4.81)4.00 (3.20–4.91)3.40 (2.79–4.08)3.59 (2.91–4.32)
Italy4.31 (4.11–4.51)4.42 (4.22–4.61)4.65 (4.30–4.98)4.65 (4.34–4.96)3.99 (3.72–4.26)4.19 (3.92–4.45)
Jamaica1.90 (1.76–2.06)1.92 (1.77–2.08)2.00 (1.81–2.22)2.01 (1.79–2.26)1.82 (1.63–2.03)1.84 (1.63–2.06)
Japan4.71 (4.54–4.89)4.89 (4.71–5.08)4.93 (4.67–5.19)5.12 (4.85–5.41)4.50 (4.27–4.75)4.68 (4.43–4.93)
Jordan3.54 (3.00–4.19)4.13 (3.47–4.87)3.69 (2.93–4.62)4.31 (3.41–5.48)3.38 (2.67–4.19)3.95 (3.04–5.00)
Kazakhstan4.92 (4.17–5.74)5.98 (5.07–7.14)5.16 (4.07–6.41)6.31 (4.95–7.98)4.72 (3.66–5.84)5.70 (4.47–7.21)
Kenya1.43 (1.30–1.58)1.48 (1.34–1.62)1.50 (1.29–1.71)1.55 (1.34–1.77)1.37 (1.19–1.58)1.41 (1.22–1.60)
Kiribati2.18 (1.80–2.65)2.22 (1.82–2.68)2.27 (1.72–2.97)2.31 (1.72–3.05)2.07 (1.59–2.70)2.14 (1.60–2.79)
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of3.34 (2.75–3.95)3.79 (3.16–4.46)3.49 (2.70–4.39)4.01 (3.07–5.21)3.20 (2.46–4.03)3.59 (2.79–4.55)
Korea, Republic of4.92 (4.68–5.17)5.21 (4.98–5.48)5.15 (4.79–5.52)5.46 (5.12–5.81)4.70 (4.39–5.04)4.98 (4.66–5.32)
Kuwait3.66 (3.31–4.05)3.88 (3.46–4.31)3.81 (3.32–4.36)4.01 (3.45–4.60)3.46 (3.02–3.95)3.65 (3.13–4.19)
Kyrgyzstan5.09 (4.29–5.98)5.38 (4.55–6.32)5.34 (4.30–6.64)5.64 (4.43–7.12)4.88 (3.79–6.04)5.14 (4.08–6.41)
Lao People's Democratic Republic4.58 (3.80–5.44)4.45 (3.75–5.27)4.78 (3.83–6.02)4.69 (3.63–5.98)4.39 (3.43–5.53)4.23 (3.31–5.36)
Latvia3.58 (3.03–4.24)4.19 (3.57–5.01)3.75 (2.97–4.74)4.37 (3.41–5.45)3.43 (2.74–4.30)4.02 (3.20–5.08)
Lebanon2.60 (2.34–2.88)3.13 (2.78–3.54)2.72 (2.32–3.15)3.30 (2.75–3.89)2.50 (2.13–2.91)2.98 (2.49–3.52)
Lesotho2.66 (2.18–3.14)2.62 (2.21–3.11)2.79 (2.13–3.56)2.76 (2.16–3.49)2.55 (1.94–3.23)2.50 (1.92–3.18)
Liberia2.64 (2.23–3.14)2.68 (2.23–3.17)2.76 (2.12–3.49)2.82 (2.20–3.60)2.52 (2.01–3.17)2.55 (1.96–3.26)
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya3.74 (3.14–4.45)4.24 (3.55–5.01)3.90 (3.06–4.97)4.45 (3.50–5.60)3.54 (2.76–4.50)4.03 (3.15–5.08)
Lithuania3.60 (3.04–4.27)4.07 (3.47–4.74)3.77 (3.00–4.64)4.27 (3.44–5.38)3.45 (2.73–4.34)3.90 (3.06–4.79)
Luxembourg3.87 (3.29–4.56)4.07 (3.42–4.82)4.18 (3.27–5.20)4.28 (3.36–5.37)3.57 (2.81–4.60)3.85 (2.99–4.88)
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of3.30 (2.77–3.90)3.91 (3.31–4.55)3.48 (2.75–4.47)4.10 (3.21–5.09)3.13 (2.47–3.98)3.72 (2.93–4.64)
Madagascar2.15 (1.83–2.59)2.20 (1.85–2.58)2.25 (1.75–2.86)2.31 (1.81–2.88)2.05 (1.61–2.61)2.09 (1.65–2.65)
Malawi1.63 (1.45–1.83)1.66 (1.47–1.86)1.71 (1.45–2.00)1.73 (1.46–2.03)1.56 (1.32–1.84)1.58 (1.33–1.86)
Malaysia3.42 (3.11–3.76)3.57 (3.25–3.93)3.57 (3.12–4.07)3.74 (3.29–4.29)3.27 (2.86–3.75)3.40 (2.95–3.87)
Maldives3.68 (3.00–4.49)3.31 (2.58–4.17)3.84 (2.77–5.05)3.47 (2.37–4.88)3.50 (2.56–4.65)3.14 (2.18–4.26)
Mali3.21 (2.71–3.74)3.15 (2.67–3.76)3.38 (2.69–4.28)3.31 (2.57–4.20)3.05 (2.38–3.86)3.01 (2.35–3.80)
Malta3.88 (3.53–4.25)4.10 (3.74–4.50)4.19 (3.66–4.75)4.31 (3.78–4.89)3.58 (3.14–4.03)3.90 (3.44–4.45)
Marshall Islands2.49 (2.11–2.94)2.55 (2.15–3.01)2.60 (2.05–3.31)2.68 (2.12–3.40)2.37 (1.87–3.00)2.43 (1.88–3.05)
Mauritania3.10 (2.61–3.69)2.97 (2.49–3.48)3.25 (2.53–4.15)3.12 (2.43–3.99)2.96 (2.32–3.75)2.84 (2.21–3.57)
Mauritius5.05 (4.23–5.93)5.45 (4.57–6.50)5.28 (4.10–6.65)5.71 (4.40–7.28)4.83 (3.77–6.20)5.20 (4.06–6.60)
Mexico2.71 (2.54–2.90)2.76 (2.57–2.94)2.85 (2.59–3.14)2.89 (2.62–3.17)2.58 (2.35–2.85)2.63 (2.39–2.89)
Micronesia, Federated States of2.51 (2.11–2.94)2.56 (2.17–3.03)2.62 (2.06–3.29)2.68 (2.12–3.37)2.39 (1.84–3.00)2.44 (1.88–3.04)
Moldova, Republic of3.59 (3.03–4.31)3.95 (3.32–4.65)3.80 (3.00–4.81)4.13 (3.27–5.28)3.41 (2.72–4.29)3.79 (2.93–4.79)
Mongolia5.18 (4.90–5.46)5.14 (4.84–5.43)5.43 (5.02–5.86)5.38 (4.95–5.84)4.94 (4.60–5.31)4.91 (4.54–5.33)
Montenegro3.15 (2.63–3.72)3.63 (3.08–4.23)3.31 (2.59–4.16)3.81 (3.03–4.79)2.99 (2.33–3.75)3.45 (2.76–4.30)
Morocco3.96 (3.34–4.66)4.31 (3.67–5.06)4.17 (3.28–5.21)4.53 (3.55–5.78)3.77 (2.97–4.65)4.11 (3.24–5.12)
Mozambique2.13 (1.79–2.51)2.24 (1.86–2.65)2.24 (1.75–2.84)2.36 (1.85–2.98)2.04 (1.60–2.57)2.13 (1.67–2.75)
Myanmar4.56 (3.81–5.37)4.49 (3.75–5.29)4.77 (3.68–5.99)4.71 (3.63–5.96)4.36 (3.43–5.56)4.27 (3.36–5.36)
Namibia2.59 (2.20–3.05)2.64 (2.24–3.09)2.72 (2.10–3.43)2.78 (2.17–3.43)2.47 (1.92–3.12)2.51 (2.00–3.15)
Nepal3.87 (3.27–4.57)3.89 (3.30–4.59)4.06 (3.22–5.09)4.07 (3.23–5.20)3.69 (2.89–4.63)3.73 (2.89–4.61)
The Netherlands3.44 (3.25–3.65)3.32 (3.10–3.56)3.72 (3.44–4.02)3.50 (3.17–3.84)3.17 (2.93–3.46)3.15 (2.87–3.45)
New Zealand3.27 (3.15–3.41)3.47 (3.33–3.63)3.44 (3.25–3.64)3.65 (3.43–3.89)3.12 (2.94–3.30)3.31 (3.11–3.51)
Nicaragua3.15 (2.65–3.78)3.22 (2.72–3.83)3.30 (2.56–4.22)3.37 (2.57–4.26)3.00 (2.33–3.83)3.09 (2.41–3.88)
Niger3.11 (2.60–3.66)2.92 (2.48–3.44)3.24 (2.54–4.04)3.05 (2.37–3.82)2.98 (2.32–3.74)2.79 (2.17–3.47)
Nigeria2.81 (2.50–3.17)2.82 (2.51–3.17)2.94 (2.51–3.45)2.96 (2.52–3.48)2.69 (2.29–3.18)2.69 (2.30–3.17)
Norway3.67 (3.10–4.36)3.80 (3.24–4.49)3.96 (3.10–4.96)4.01 (3.15–5.06)3.38 (2.63–4.18)3.58 (2.77–4.51)
Oman3.37 (2.81–4.01)3.78 (3.17–4.46)3.50 (2.70–4.38)3.93 (3.08–4.93)3.18 (2.50–4.00)3.56 (2.82–4.46)
Pakistan4.03 (3.42–4.73)3.91 (3.32–4.66)4.20 (3.31–5.24)4.05 (3.18–5.14)3.83 (3.01–4.75)3.75 (2.97–4.77)
Palestinian Territory, Occupied3.31 (2.77–3.93)3.86 (3.24–4.57)3.47 (2.72–4.48)4.04 (3.16–5.13)3.15 (2.45–3.96)3.69 (2.87–4.65)
Panama3.35 (2.84–4.00)3.39 (2.89–3.98)3.52 (2.82–4.42)3.54 (2.79–4.55)3.18 (2.51–3.99)3.25 (2.54–4.03)
Papua New Guinea2.45 (2.04–2.91)2.45 (2.07–2.86)2.57 (2.01–3.27)2.58 (2.01–3.22)2.32 (1.79–2.93)2.33 (1.83–2.91)
Paraguay4.01 (3.38–4.76)4.31 (3.66–5.09)4.23 (3.32–5.41)4.52 (3.55–5.69)3.80 (3.00–4.72)4.10 (3.21–5.17)
Peru3.05 (2.57–3.62)3.07 (2.58–3.60)3.20 (2.49–4.08)3.22 (2.53–4.03)2.91 (2.23–3.70)2.91 (2.31–3.69)
Philippines4.22 (3.55–4.99)4.29 (3.65–5.10)4.39 (3.44–5.50)4.49 (3.50–5.68)4.05 (3.19–5.09)4.10 (3.20–5.29)
Poland3.82 (3.57–4.07)3.84 (3.61–4.06)4.02 (3.67–4.40)4.03 (3.68–4.38)3.63 (3.29–3.98)3.66 (3.37–4.00)
Portugal3.88 (3.64–4.13)4.24 (3.98–4.51)4.20 (3.83–4.60)4.46 (4.07–4.89)3.58 (3.26–3.93)4.03 (3.68–4.41)
Qatar3.53 (2.87–4.28)4.21 (3.34–5.17)3.61 (2.78–4.55)4.29 (3.25–5.44)3.30 (2.59–4.27)3.90 (2.98–5.04)
Romania3.77 (3.21–4.43)4.12 (3.46–4.83)3.97 (3.11–4.99)4.32 (3.42–5.43)3.58 (2.85–4.41)3.92 (3.08–4.93)
Russian Federation3.72 (3.53–3.93)4.17 (3.95–4.40)3.91 (3.64–4.24)4.38 (4.07–4.72)3.56 (3.29–3.84)3.99 (3.69–4.29)
Rwanda1.52 (1.23–1.88)1.60 (1.31–1.95)1.59 (1.18–2.11)1.67 (1.25–2.14)1.45 (1.07–1.91)1.53 (1.12–2.03)
Saint Lucia2.84 (2.54–3.15)2.93 (2.58–3.30)2.98 (2.56–3.43)3.08 (2.60–3.60)2.72 (2.32–3.16)2.80 (2.34–3.31)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines2.70 (2.29–3.18)2.82 (2.39–3.32)2.83 (2.26–3.50)2.94 (2.30–3.69)2.58 (2.03–3.24)2.70 (2.09–3.46)
Samoa2.15 (1.97–2.36)2.07 (1.82–2.34)2.25 (1.99–2.56)2.16 (1.82–2.57)2.05 (1.80–2.31)1.97 (1.66–2.32)
Sao Tome and Principe2.37 (1.98–2.84)2.36 (1.97–2.77)2.48 (1.93–3.19)2.47 (1.93–3.14)2.26 (1.74–2.93)2.25 (1.77–2.87)
Saudi Arabia2.98 (2.47–3.54)3.20 (2.63–3.78)3.08 (2.41–3.92)3.33 (2.54–4.15)2.82 (2.17–3.65)3.03 (2.36–3.90)
Senegal2.98 (2.49–3.52)3.15 (2.67–3.71)3.11 (2.41–3.91)3.32 (2.55–4.17)2.85 (2.23–3.59)2.99 (2.34–3.77)
Serbia3.21 (2.69–3.79)3.67 (3.05–4.39)3.37 (2.67–4.18)3.87 (2.94–4.95)3.05 (2.35–3.88)3.48 (2.68–4.40)
Seychelles4.36 (3.63–5.20)4.34 (3.62–5.12)4.59 (3.54–5.84)4.57 (3.55–5.74)4.14 (3.18–5.21)4.12 (3.21–5.17)
Sierra Leone2.52 (2.10–2.99)2.51 (2.11–2.94)2.64 (2.09–3.34)2.63 (2.05–3.25)2.40 (1.88–3.03)2.39 (1.89–2.96)
Singapore5.03 (4.28–5.90)5.14 (4.36–6.02)5.25 (4.13–6.49)5.37 (4.22–6.79)4.81 (3.70–6.07)4.92 (3.89–6.18)
Slovakia3.64 (3.07–4.29)4.23 (3.55–5.00)3.82 (3.01–4.78)4.46 (3.51–5.58)3.48 (2.73–4.36)4.02 (3.13–4.97)
Slovenia3.87 (3.52–4.23)4.23 (3.83–4.67)4.07 (3.56–4.61)4.43 (3.86–5.07)3.68 (3.21–4.22)4.02 (3.50–4.61)
Solomon Islands2.26 (1.91–2.65)2.33 (1.96–2.76)2.37 (1.85–2.98)2.44 (1.93–3.11)2.14 (1.66–2.68)2.22 (1.74–2.77)
Somalia2.04 (1.71–2.42)2.07 (1.77–2.43)2.14 (1.67–2.69)2.17 (1.74–2.71)1.95 (1.53–2.45)1.97 (1.53–2.51)
South Africa2.41 (2.28–2.55)2.48 (2.34–2.62)2.53 (2.33–2.74)2.61 (2.41–2.82)2.30 (2.12–2.50)2.37 (2.17–2.56)
Spain3.72 (3.49–3.99)4.02 (3.77–4.27)4.01 (3.66–4.41)4.24 (3.89–4.61)3.44 (3.15–3.75)3.81 (3.50–4.15)
Sri Lanka3.92 (3.33–4.60)3.87 (3.27–4.54)4.10 (3.23–5.10)4.07 (3.16–5.11)3.75 (2.97–4.66)3.69 (2.87–4.67)
Sudan2.31 (1.96–2.71)2.37 (2.01–2.79)2.43 (1.92–3.02)2.49 (1.93–3.17)2.21 (1.74–2.79)2.26 (1.77–2.82)
Suriname2.66 (2.25–3.12)2.89 (2.43–3.42)2.79 (2.19–3.48)3.03 (2.35–3.85)2.53 (1.99–3.15)2.76 (2.16–3.51)
Swaziland2.63 (2.20–3.09)2.53 (2.16–3.02)2.77 (2.16–3.48)2.67 (2.11–3.40)2.52 (1.99–3.17)2.42 (1.90–2.99)
Sweden3.50 (3.32–3.70)3.65 (3.46–3.85)3.77 (3.50–4.05)3.84 (3.56–4.15)3.23 (3.01–3.47)3.46 (3.22–3.71)
Switzerland3.64 (3.41–3.89)3.61 (3.40–3.85)3.93 (3.60–4.29)3.80 (3.48–4.13)3.36 (3.08–3.67)3.42 (3.13–3.74)
Syrian Arab Republic3.80 (3.22–4.46)4.18 (3.53–4.92)3.97 (3.13–4.98)4.37 (3.43–5.49)3.64 (2.86–4.53)3.99 (3.10–4.98)
Taiwan, Province of China3.40 (3.12–3.69)3.92 (3.66–4.17)3.55 (3.14–3.99)4.10 (3.72–4.48)3.23 (2.85–3.61)3.74 (3.40–4.11)
Tajikistan5.03 (4.23–5.97)5.40 (4.64–6.27)5.29 (4.12–6.55)5.70 (4.47–7.26)4.79 (3.76–5.97)5.13 (4.01–6.36)
Tanzania, United Republic of2.81 (2.53–3.14)2.75 (2.45–3.08)2.94 (2.52–3.43)2.88 (2.46–3.42)2.69 (2.28–3.16)2.62 (2.20–3.08)
Thailand5.23 (4.82–5.66)5.31 (4.88–5.75)5.49 (4.94–6.15)5.58 (4.97–6.18)4.99 (4.46–5.58)5.06 (4.54–5.65)
Timor-Leste4.59 (3.83–5.38)4.47 (3.71–5.32)4.80 (3.78–5.98)4.69 (3.61–5.91)4.38 (3.45–5.56)4.25 (3.39–5.37)
Togo2.81 (2.40–3.33)2.78 (2.36–3.34)2.96 (2.29–3.82)2.94 (2.30–3.77)2.67 (2.12–3.35)2.64 (2.09–3.29)
Tonga2.61 (2.17–3.10)2.73 (2.28–3.18)2.72 (2.10–3.47)2.88 (2.21–3.61)2.50 (1.94–3.18)2.58 (2.00–3.32)
Trinidad and Tobago2.75 (2.51–3.01)2.93 (2.63–3.23)2.90 (2.55–3.28)3.07 (2.64–3.56)2.62 (2.30–2.95)2.80 (2.43–3.19)
Tunisia4.12 (3.51–4.91)4.43 (3.72–5.23)4.31 (3.37–5.44)4.63 (3.61–5.83)3.93 (3.09–4.91)4.24 (3.32–5.34)
Turkey3.76 (3.50–4.06)4.10 (3.80–4.43)3.94 (3.51–4.39)4.30 (3.85–4.78)3.59 (3.22–3.97)3.91 (3.50–4.37)
Turkmenistan5.10 (4.35–6.06)5.43 (4.64–6.35)5.35 (4.27–6.69)5.69 (4.48–7.14)4.87 (3.92–6.12)5.20 (4.12–6.38)
Uganda1.95 (1.58–2.37)2.11 (1.75–2.52)2.05 (1.55–2.68)2.21 (1.72–2.82)1.86 (1.39–2.43)2.00 (1.54–2.54)
Ukraine3.85 (3.25–4.53)4.19 (3.56–4.93)4.05 (3.18–5.00)4.41 (3.45–5.46)3.68 (2.88–4.69)4.01 (3.13–5.05)
United Arab Emirates3.40 (2.73–4.16)3.67 (2.97–4.47)3.50 (2.64–4.48)3.76 (2.92–4.78)3.16 (2.38–4.12)3.43 (2.65–4.39)
UK3.48 (3.32–3.64)3.61 (3.45–3.78)3.75 (3.53–4.02)3.80 (3.57–4.05)3.21 (3.02–3.42)3.42 (3.22–3.63)
USA3.44 (3.35–3.53)3.60 (3.50–3.70)3.62 (3.48–3.77)3.78 (3.63–3.93)3.26 (3.14–3.40)3.43 (3.29–3.56)
Uruguay2.77 (2.34–3.27)2.73 (2.32–3.18)2.90 (2.24–3.65)2.87 (2.27–3.58)2.65 (2.09–3.35)2.60 (2.05–3.28)
Uzbekistan5.34 (4.50–6.25)5.63 (4.83–6.53)5.62 (4.47–6.93)5.91 (4.67–7.41)5.08 (4.04–6.39)5.36 (4.28–6.66)
Vanuatu2.17 (1.83–2.56)2.24 (1.90–2.65)2.26 (1.75–2.88)2.33 (1.80–2.95)2.07 (1.63–2.61)2.14 (1.64–2.70)
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of3.37 (2.84–3.92)3.55 (3.01–4.18)3.52 (2.81–4.39)3.72 (2.92–4.66)3.22 (2.52–3.98)3.39 (2.65–4.21)
Viet Nam4.48 (3.82–5.27)4.59 (3.81–5.46)4.67 (3.70–5.88)4.83 (3.69–6.16)4.31 (3.35–5.39)4.37 (3.43–5.47)
Yemen3.27 (2.76–3.86)3.37 (2.82–4.05)3.43 (2.65–4.38)3.55 (2.74–4.53)3.13 (2.46–3.94)3.21 (2.48–4.13)
Zambia2.27 (1.91–2.69)2.27 (1.91–2.70)2.39 (1.84–3.03)2.38 (1.91–3.00)2.15 (1.67–2.70)2.17 (1.70–2.71)
Zimbabwe3.06 (2.82–3.29)3.10 (2.81–3.39)3.21 (2.85–3.59)3.25 (2.83–3.66)2.92 (2.59–3.23)2.95 (2.58–3.39)