Table 2

Characteristics and main results of the studies considered in this review

Author	Healthcare system	Years total emissions reported	Latest year of emissions reported	CF in Mt CO₂eq	% of total national CF	tCO₂eq/cap	Transparency score (%)
Tennison et al8	England	1990–2019	2019	25	n.i.	0.445	88
SDU9	England	1992–2017	2017	25	n.i.	n.i.	71
Nansai et al10	Japan	2011–2015	2015	72	4.6	0.49	82
Eckelman and Sherman11	USA	2003–2013	2013	655	9.8	2.07	85
Eckelman et al12	USA	2010–2018	2018	554	n.i.	n.i.	76
Eckelman et al13	Canada	2009–2015	2015	33	5.7	0.92	94
Health Facilities Scotland14	Scotland	1990–2004	2004	2.6	3.6	0.52	76
Wu15	China	2012	2012	315	2.,7	0.23	94
Malik et al16	Australia	2013–2015	2015	36	7.0	1.50	85
Weisz et al17	Austria	2014	2014	6.8	7	0.8	94
Steenmeijer et al18	Netherlands	2016	2016	17 575	17.6	n.i.	88
Malik et al19	New South Wales, Australia	2017	2017	0.008	6.6	n.i.	71
Pichler et al20	OECD countries; China, India	2014	2014	Online supplemental file 4	Ø 5.5 s. Online supplemental file 4	Online supplemental file 4	94
Karliner et al21	43 countries; EU; rest of the world	2014	2014	Online supplemental file 4	Ø 4.4 s. Online supplemental file 4	Online supplemental file 4	88
Lenzen et al22	Global	2007–2015	2015	2290	n.i.	n.i.	88

cap, capita; CF, carbon footprint; CO₂eq, CO₂ equivalents; EU, European Union; Mt, megatonnes; n.i., not identified; OECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; t, tonnes.