Quality of studies using Cochrane RoB-2 tool
| Risk-of-bias judgement low/high/some concerns | Low/high/some concerns |
| Optional: What is the overall predicted direction of bias for this outcome? | Favours experimental/favours comparator/towards null/away from null/unpredictable/NA |
| Overall risk-of-bias judgement | Criteria |
| Low risk of bias | The study is judged to be at low risk of bias for all domains for this result |
| Some concerns | The study is judged to raise some concerns in at least one domain for this result, but not to be at high risk of bias for any domain. |
| High risk of bias | The study is judged to be at high risk of bias in at least one domain for this result. Or The study is judged to have some concerns for multiple domains in a way that substantially lowers confidence in the result. |
NA, not available; RoB, risk of bias.