Eligibility criteria
| PICOTS criteria | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria (rationale) |
| Population | Human studies involving emergency healthcare providers, consumers or managers | Animal studies (not relevant to clinical practice) |
| Intervention/exposure | Deimplementation of low-value care | |
| Comparator | Usual/standard practice | |
| Outcome | Barriers or enablers or interventions to deimplement low-value care | |
| Timeframe | All reported timeframes will be included | |
| Setting | Emergency department | |
| Design | Primary quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies | Reviews, protocols, perspectives, comment, opinions, editorials, letters to editors, news articles, books, chapters, policies and guidelines (not primary sources of data) |
| Quality or risk of bias | Studies will be included regardless of quality | |
| Sample size | Studies will be included if sample size is 30 or more(except qualitative studies) | |
| Publication status | Studies will be included regardless of publication status | |
| Time period | Studies from inception to a maximum of 2 months prior to submission for publication will be included | |
| Language | Studies will be included regardless of their language of publication |
PICOTS, Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, Timing, Setting.