General characteristics of HVD patients
| No of patients | 431 |
| Age, years | 58.9 (19~81） |
| Sex, n (%) | |
| Male | 202 (46.87) |
| Female | 229 (53.13) |
| Etiological factor, n (%) | |
| RHD | 295 (68.46) |
| DHD | 83 (19.26) |
| CHD | 32 (7.41) |
| IHD | 21 (4.87) |
| Heart valve pathologies, n (%) | |
| MS | 181 (34.22) |
| MR | 125 (23.63) |
| AS | 129 (24.39) |
| AR | 94 (17.78) |
| Main surgical procedures, n (%) | |
| MVR | 145 (33.64) |
| MVP | 63 (14.62) |
| AVR | 119 (27.61) |
| AVP | 6 (1.39) |
| AVR+MVR | 51 (11.83) |
| AVR+MVP | 47 (10.91) |
| Poor outcomes, n (%) | 182 (41.23) |
| Pathologies of poor outcomes, n (%) | |
| MVD | 49 (24.73) |
| AVD | 65 (35.1) |
| MVD+AVD | 68 (37.36) |
| The cause of poor outcomes, n (%) | |
| LCOS | 81 (18.79) |
| MI | 7 (1.62) |
| Malignant arrhythmia | 20 (4.64) |
| AKI | 118 (27.38) |
| ALI | 65 (15.08) |
| ALF | 40 (9.28) |
| Secondary thoracotomy | 7 (1.62) |
| Septicaemia | 7 (1.62) |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 5 (1.16) |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 3 (0.69) |
| 30-day postoperative mortality, n (%) | 23 (5.33) |
| 30-day readmission, n (%) | 15 (3.48) |
.AKI, acute kidney injury; ALF, acute liver failure; ALI, acute lung injury; AR, aortic regurgitation; AS, aortic stenosis; AVD, aortic valve disorder; AVP, aortic valvexv; AVR, aortic valve replacement; CHD, congenital heart disease; DHD, degenerative heart disease; HVD, heart valve diseases; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; LCOS, low cardiac output syndrome; MI, myocardial infarction; MR, mitral regurgitation; MS, mitral stenosis; MVD, mitral valve disorder; MVP, mitral valve plasty; MVR, mitral valve replacement; RHD, rheumatic heart disease.