Baseline and 1 month variables for abstinence and control groups
| Variable (units) | Abstinence group | Control group | ||||||||
| Number of paired values* | Baseline | 1 month | P values (pre vs post) | Effect size | Number of paired values* | Baseline | 1 month | P values (pre vs post) | Effect size | |
| HOMA score, median (IQR) | 86 | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | <0.001 | −0.40 | 47 | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 0.42 | −0.08 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg), median (IQR) | 93 | 136.0 (121.0–147.5) | 125.0 (115.0–141.0) | <0.001 | −0.57 | 47 | 121.0 (118.0–134.0) | 122.0 (116.0–131.0) | 0.17 | −0.14 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean (SD) | 93 | 89.0 (80.0–95.5) | 82.0 (77.0–89.0) | <0.001 | −0.34 | 47 | 71.0 (68.0–80.0) | 75.0 (68.0–80.0) | 0.77 | −0.03 |
| Weight (kg), median (IQR) | 89 | 81.1 (67.0–89.7) | 79.5 (66.7–87.2) | <0.001 | −0.49 | 47 | 73.8 (65.2–85.0) | 72.6 (64.9–84.6) | 0.09 | −0.18 |
| VEGF (ng/L), median (IQR) | 81 | 7.6 (5.5–16.0) | 4.0 (3.1–5.8) | <0.001 | −0.55 | 41 | 13.4 (9.0–17.9) | 12.9 (8.3–18.5) | 0.34 | −0.10 |
| EGF (ng/L), median (IQR) | 81 | 7.2 (3.6–13.5) | 1.5 (1.0–2.5) | <0.001 | −0.56 | 41 | 3.8 (1.0–10.3) | 4.9 (1.0–9.5) | 0.55 | −0.07 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 88 | 228.7 (198.4–258.4) | 202.1 (176.3–227.4) | <0.001 | −0.85 | 47 | 208.8 (177.9–232.0) | 205.0 (177.9–239.8) | 0.25 | −0.12 |
| LDL (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 88 | 131.5 (112.3–163.1) | 127.0 (97.4–153.8) | <0.001 | −0.42 | 47 | 112.1 (88.9–139.2) | 112.1 (85.1–143.1) | 0.16 | −0.15 |
| HDL (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 88 | 74.4 (±22.3) | 60.9 (±17.8) | <0.001 | −0.57 | 47 | 73.5 (58.0–88.9) | 73.5 (58.0–92.8) | 0.95 | −0.02 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 88 | 79.3 (57.6–115.8) | 76.6 (60.4–103.2) | 0.05 | −0.15 | 47 | 79.7 (62.0–124.0) | 79.7 (62.0–106.3) | 0.70 | −0.05 |
| Gamma GT (IU/L), median (IQR) | 92 | 22.5 (14.0–34.8) | 15.0 (10.3–24.0) | <0.001 | −0.53 | 46 | 39.8±8.3 | 44.8±11.0 | 0.26 | −0.12 |
| ALT (IU/L), median (IQR) | 94 | 25.0 (18.0–37.0) | 20.0 (16.0–29.3) | <0.001 | −0.29 | 47 | 24.0 (18.0–31.0) | 25.0 (20.0–33.0) | 0.06 | −0.21 |
| AST (IU/L), median (IQR) | 94 | 23.0 (19.0–28.0) | 21.0 (18.0–27.0) | 0.03 | −0.16 | 47 | 20.0 (17.0–24.0) | 22.0 (19.0–27.0) | <0.01 | −0.27 |
| Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (%), median (IQR) | 81 | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | <0.001 | −0.32 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Effect size for normally distributed variables is calculated as [mean change in variable]/SD. Effect size for non-normally distributed variables is calculated as Wilcoxon signed-rank [test statistic]/√ [ number of observations].
*Where the number of paired observations is less than 94 (abstinence group) or 47 (control group), this is due to missing data points.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; EGF, epidermal growth factor; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA, homeostatic model assessment; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.