Relationship between having a GPA>50th centile and leptin resistance in Chilean youths after controlling for other health, sociodemographic and educational influences (n=568)
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Hyperleptinaemia | 0.50** | 0.30 to 0.84 | 0.50* | 0.33 to 0.94 | 0.56* | 0.32 to 0.95 |
| Overweight | 0.87 | 0.57 to 1.30 | 0.70 | 0.38 to 1.27 | 0.65 | 0.35 to 1.22 |
| Obesity | 0.99 | 0.86 to 1.18 | 0.86 | 0.49 to 1.50 | 0.81 | 0.45 to 1.33 |
| IR | 0.94 | 0.80 to 1.11 | 0.93 | 0.49 to 1.09 | 0.78 | 0.55 to 1.18 |
| Unhealthy diet | (…) | 0.53 | 0.34 to 0.81 | 0.52** | 0.33 to 0.81 | |
| Physically inactive | (…) | 0.89 | 0.59 to 1.34 | 0.99 | 0.64 to 1.53 | |
| Male sex | (…) | (…) | 0.63** | 0.28 to 0.80 | ||
| Maternal education: incomplete HS | (…) | (…) | 1.09 | 0.82 to 1.74 | ||
| Paternal education: incomplete HS | (…) | (…) | 0.96 | 0.65 to 1.45 | ||
| Adult HS | (…) | (…) | 0.38*** | 0.23 to 0.62 | ||
| No Fe supplement (infancy) | (…) | (…) | 0.91 | 0.64 to 1.28 | ||
(…) Non-observed.
Significance level: *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
Hyperleptinaemia defined according to the cut-offs published by Köster-Weber et al.
Overweight: BMI z-score >1 and ≥2 SD; obesity: BMI z-score ≥2 SD.
IR: HOMA-IR 2.6.
Unhealthy diet: diet high in simple carbohydrates and saturated fats.
Physically inactive: scheduled PA≤90 min/week.
Adult HS: education for students who in the past were unable to receive their diploma.
BMI, body mass index; GPA, grade point average; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment of IR; HS, high school; IR, insulin resistance; PA, physical activity.